Thickness-Dependent Optical Response of Gold and Chromium Nanofilms: Insights into Plasmonic Sensing Efficiency
| Authors | F.T. Ayasrah1, M. Almakki2, S. Nirkhi3, P.V. Thokal4, P. Vibhute5, Sharmila6 |
| Affiliations |
1College of Education, Humanities and Science, Al Ain University, Al Ain, UAE 2School of Engineering, Architecture and Interior Design, Amity University Dubai, P.O. Box 345019, Dubai International Academic City, United Arab Emirates 3Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Nagpur Campus, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India 4Department of Electrical Engineering, Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, MH, India 5School of Engineering and Technology, Sanjivani University, Kopargaon, MH, India 6Department of ECE, Raj Kumar Goel Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad, India |
| Е-mail | firas.ayasrah@aau.ac.ae |
| Issue | Volume 18, Year 2026, Number 2 |
| Dates | Received 23 January 2026; revised manuscript received 24 April 2026; published online 29 April 2026 |
| Citation | F.T. Ayasrah, M. Almakki, et al., J. Nano- Electron. Phys. 18 No 2, 02024 (2026) |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.21272/jnep.18(2).02024 |
| PACS Number(s) | 73.50.Pz, 84.60.Jt |
| Keywords | Solar panel, Current sensor, Arduino (9) , Dust, Temperature (46) , Photovoltaic (13) . |
| Annotation |
The optical response of metallic nanofilms is a key factor in determining the performance of plasmonic sensors, which are widely employed in label-free biomedical detection and nanophotonic applications. This research investigates the thickness-dependent optical behavior of Gold (Au) and Chromium (Cr) nanofilms and their impact on plasmonic sensing efficiency. Thin films with varying thicknesses were fabricated and characterized using numerical simulations based on the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. The analysis focused on critical parameters like reflectivity, Full-Width-At-Half-Maximum (FWHM), and sensitivity for detecting a 3% glucose solution. To optimize sensor performance, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the Kretschmann-based surface plasmon resonance (K-SPR) sensor, considering the incident optical wavelength, Au and Cr nanofilm thicknesses, and root-mean-square (RMS) surface roughness as control and noise factors. The results reveal that Au layer thickness and incident wavelength predominantly influence the plasmonic response, while Cr thickness and surface roughness have minimal effect. Optimal near-infrared configurations with 50 nm Au and 3 nm Cr achieved minimal reflectivity of 0.052 at 680 nm narrow FWHM, and high sensitivity, confirming precise nano-film control as critical for advanced applications. These findings provide insights between nanofilm thickness and optical properties, offering practical guidelines for designing plasmonic sensors. |
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List of References |
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