Design and Analysis of a High Gain Dual Band Symmetric Slot Microstrip Patch Antenna Using 5CB Nano Doped NLC for S- and Ku- Band Applications
| Authors | Mahesh Valathuru1 , Pokkunuri Pardhasaradhi2, Sudipta Das3 , R.K.N.R. Manepalli4 |
| Affiliations |
1Department of ECE, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, 517507 Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India 2ALRC Research Centre, Department of ECE and IR&D, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India 3Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, IMPS College of Engineering and Technology, 732103 Malda, West Bengal, India 4Government Degree College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India |
| Е-mail | pspokkunuri@kluniversity.in |
| Issue | Volume 18, Year 2026, Number 5 |
| Dates | Received 28 May 2026; revised manuscript received 18 October 2026; published online 28 October 2026 |
| Citation | Mahesh Valathuru, Pokkunuri Pardhasaradhi, [footnoteRef:], и др., J. Nano- Electron. Phys. 18 No 5, 05024 (2026) |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.21272/jnep.18(5).05024 |
| PACS Number(s) | 84.40.Ba |
| Keywords | 4-Cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl (5CB), S11, CeO2 NP’s, Peak gain. |
| Annotation |
In this research work, we have proposed an antenna design with a defective ground structure (DGS) to increase the gain and produce dual bands without altering the antenna's basic construction. The antenna's construction consists of two glass layers, namely lower and upper glass materials with dimensions of 21 x 25 mm2 and 19 x 19 mm2, respectively. Both glass dielectric materials have the same dielectric constant of 5.25, a tangent loss of 0.008, and a thickness of 1 mm. The radiating element of the design has a dimension of 15 x 16 mm2. The proposed design resonates at 6.2 GHz (C-band) with an S11 magnitude of – 16 dB and achieves a peak gain of 4 dBi when there is only an air gap between the glass plates. It resonates at 2.9 GHz and 13.2 GHz frequencies with S11 magnitudes of – 26.5 dB and – 37 dB when we fill the space between the two glass plates of the design with 4-Cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) nematic liquid crystal (NLC) doped with Cerium Oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NP) of 6 wt % to achieve good efficiency and gain and we have noticed that low concentration profile of nano particles has no impact on resonant frequency and tuning range. We have achieved superior antenna performance, resulting in the generation of dual bands for both S and Ku bands, with peak gains of 5.6 dBi and 7.5 dBi at the corresponding resonant frequencies. Furthermore, the addition of CeO2 nanoparticles to the 5CB LC lowers the transition temperature. The results are compared and analyzed with the body of data available. |
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