Surface Laser Melting of a Carburized LPBF-manufactured Ti-based Biomedical Grade Alloy
| Authors | B.V. Efremenko1 , Yu.G. Chabak1,2, E.V. Tsvetkova1 , A.V. Dzherenova1, V.G. Efremenko1,2, F. Kromka2 , V.I. Zurnadzhy1,2, I.M. Olejnik1 |
| Affiliations |
1Pryazovskyi State Technical University, 87555 Mariupol, Ukraine 2Institute of Materials Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 04001 Kosice, Slovakia |
| Е-mail | |
| Issue | Volume 15, Year 2023, Number 4 |
| Dates | Received 25 May 2023; revised manuscript received 20 August 2023; published online 30 August 2023 |
| Citation | B.V. Efremenko, Yu.G. Chabak, E.V. Tsvetkova, et al., J. Nano- Electron. Phys. 15 No 4, 04035 (2023) |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.21272/jnep.15(4).04035 |
| PACS Number(s) | 42.62.Cf, 62.20.Qp, 61.66.Dk, 64.70.Kb |
| Keywords | Ti-based biomedical alloy, Carburizing, Laser melting, Microstructure (21) , Microhardness (2) . |
| Annotation |
The object of this work is a study of the microstructure and hardness evolution of LPBF-manufactured biomedical alloy Ti-6Al-4V superficially modified by pack carburization and subsequent laser melting. Carburization was conducted in a powder of (NH2)2CO (20 vol. %), K4Fe(CN)6 (20 vol. %), and a carbon black (60 vol. %) at 1000 (C (7 hours). The laser processing was fulfilled by fiber laser «TruFiber 400» (TRUMPF) of 1064 nm wavelength with a power of 400 W and scanning velocity of 5 mm·sec – 1. The investigations included optical (GX71 OLYMPUS) and scanning electron microscopy observations (JSM-7000F JEOL), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (INCAx-sight, Oxford Instruments), X-ray diffraction (X'Pert PRO, PANalytical, Cu-Kα radiation) and microhardness measurement (LM700AT LECO, under the load of 0.05 kg). It was found that carburization resulted in a 440-700 μm deep carbon-rich layer of (Ti with an upper thin layer comprising TiC, TiO2, and Al2O3. Carburization led to 720 ± 12 HV in a near-surface layer which is two times the bulk structure (322 ± 32 HV). A consequent laser scanning formed a 60-120 (m wide melted layer followed by the heat-affected zone (having a needle-like (Ti-martensite) extended to (∼0.8 mm depth. The melted layer had a fine-grained structure which included the dispersive particles of an oxycarbide Ti(O0.8C0.2) of both grainy and dendrite-like shapes. Consequently, the hardness of the melted layer rose up to 1000-1200 HV with a further gradual decrease, according to the declining carbon content profile. Laser melting was accompanied by cracks and shrinkage cavities formation. It also led to an increased roughness of the surface caused by its boiling under the laser melting. |
|
List of References |
Other articles from this number
1) Modern Photoactive Nanocomposites Based on TiO2 and CeO2 [04001-1-04001-6]2) Synthesis of Surface Structures at Laser-Stimulated Evaporation of a Copper Sulfate Solution in Distilled Water [04002-1-04002-7]
3) Flexible Environmentally Friendly Thermoelectric Material Made of Copper (1) Iodide and Nanocellulose for Green Energy [04003-1-04003-7]
4) Sustainable Transport Reliability: Exploring the Creep of Eco-Friendly Polymer Nanocomposites [04004-1-04004-7]
5) Investigation of the Electronic and Optical Properties of Nanostructured Glasses and Composites [04005-1-04005-5]
6) Selection of Ideal IoT Based Overhead Conductor for Optimizing the Performance of a Small Hydropower Project [04006-1-04006-5]
7) Investigation of Novel Processes in the Physics of Condensed Matter: Recent Advances and Applications [04007-1-04007-5]
8) Design of Controller for Bidirectional Non-isolated High Gain Converter in EV Application [04008-1-04008-4]
9) Empirical Analysis of the Emerging Trends in the Photovoltaic Technologies of Condensed Matter Physics [04009-1-04009-6]
10) Green Synthesis Methods of Nanostructures for Environmental and Biomedical Applications [04010-1-04010-6]
11) Design of High Gain Compact Microstrip Patch Antenna at ISM Band [04011-1-04011-4]
12) Design and Optimization of a Bowtie Antenna for Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) System [04012-1-04012-4]
13) Wideband High Gain Antenna Using a Slot Loading and FSS for 5G Application [04013-1-04013-5]
14) Design of a Planar Multi-band Antenna Array based on Split Ring Resonator for WiMAX and 5G Sub-6GHz Applications [04014-1-04014-4]
15) Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles as Carriers of Drug Delivery System [04015-1-04015-5]
16) Detection of Transmission Control Protocol XMAS Attack Using Pattern Analysis with MONOSEK [04016-1-04016-4]
17) Homogeneous Barotropic String Cosmology Model of Bianchi Type IV0 in General Relativity [04017-1-04017-4]
18) Inflationary Cosmological Model of Bianchi Type II in General Relativity [04018-1-04018-5]
19) Smart Crack Detection System Using Nanostructured Materials with Integrated Optimization Technology [04019-1-04019-5]
20) Design and Analysis of Properties MASnl3 Nanostructures Doped with Cu2O [04020-1-04020-5]
21) Study and Analysis on Compactness of Patch Antenna Utilizing Ground Plane with U slot [04021-1-04021-4]
22) Distributed Electromagnetic Radiation Based Renewable Energy Assessment Using Novel Ensembling Approach [04022-1-04022-6]
23) A Novel Optimization Approach for Smart Grid Systems with Nano-sized Objects [04023-1-04023-6]
24) Design of a UWB Coplanar Antenna with Step Graded Ground Plane for 5G and Modern Wireless Communication Applications [04024-1-04024-4]
25) Study of Cobalt Nanoparticle Modified Gold Electrode [04025-1-04025-4]
26) Extract of Biomaterial as Admixture for Internal Curing Agent for Concrete [04026-1-04026-6]
27) Design of an Integrated mm-Wave and Sub 6GHz Antenna for 5G Mobile Devices [04027-1-04027-5]
28) Low Energy Based Optimization for IoT Applications Using Super Nodes in Sensor Network [04028-1-04028-5]
29) Bianchi Type V Inflationary Cosmological Model with Bulk Viscosity in General Relativity [04029-1-04029-3]
30) Modeling a Square Slotted Antenna for 5G Applications using an Equivalent Circuit Approach [04030-1-04030-5]
31) Design of a Novel Capsule-Shaped Compact UWB Antenna for 5G Wireless Applications [04031-1-04031-5]
32) Analysis of Charge Plasma Based Hetero Junction Nanowire Multi Channel Field Effect Transistor for Sub 10 nm [04032-1-04032-4]
33) Modeling the Destruction of the p-n Junction by Electromagnetic Pulses [04033-1-04033-6]
34) Effect of Magnetic Field on the Morphology and Structural Characteristics of Cobalt-based Thin Film Systems as Sensitive Sensor Elements [04034-1-04034-6]
35) Dynamic Properties of Radioelectronic Elements in the Form of Piezoceramic Cylinders with Internal Screens [04036-1-04036-9]
36) Interface for Semi-automatic Image Contrast Enhancement in the Propagation-based X-ray Phase Contrast Method [04037-1-04037-6]
37) Thermoelectric Generators Current Intensifiers [04038-1-04038-6]
38) Design and Simulation of a Compact Microstrip Antenna for 5G Applications at the (37 – 40) GHz Band [04039-1-04039-5]
