Compact Circular Petal Fractal Antenna with Defected Ground Plane Structure for Sub-6 GHz 5G and X-Band Radar Applications
| Authors | G. Yaminisasi1, P. Pardhasaradhi1, M. Valathuru2, N. Prasad3 , , G.V. Ganesh1, G. Srinivas1 |
| Affiliations |
1ALRC Research Centre, Department of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India 2Department of ECE, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Karakambadi Road, Tirupati-517507, Andhra Pradesh, India 3Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology (GMRIT) – Deemed to be University, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh, India |
| Е-mail | pspokkunuri@kluniversity.in |
| Issue | Volume 18, Year 2026, Number 3 |
| Dates | Received 07 March 2026; revised manuscript received 19 June 2026; published online 26 June 2026 |
| Citation | G. Yaminisasi, P. Pardhasaradhi, et al., J. Nano- Electron. Phys. 18 No 3, 03024 (2026) |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.21272/jnep.18(3).03024 |
| PACS Number(s) | 84.40.Ba |
| Keywords | Fractal antenna, Sub-6 GHz 5G, Dual band, Return loss. |
| Annotation |
This paper presents the design, fabrication and experimental evaluation of a fractal-structured design to target dual-band operation for Sub-6 GHz 5G and X-radar frequency bands. The suggested prototype is fabricated on a FR-4 substrate with a defective partial ground structure (DPGS). Commercial EM simulation software (CST Microwave Studio simulation) was used to optimize the antenna performance attributes, such as directional gain, S11. The simulated antenna resonates at 3.3 GHz, 7.3 GHz and 9.2 GHz which corresponds to the Sub-6 GHz and X-band frequency bands. The antenna was made to resonate three times, an approximate level of 3.3 GHz and another at 7.3 GHz and 9.2 GHz, covering the Sub-6 GHz 5G frequency range and X-band radar frequencies respectively. The measurements are confirmed by experimental measurements when tested using an Anritsu Vector Network Analyzer (MS2037C). The proposed antenna achieved gains of 3.9 dBi at Sub-6 GHz and 4.8 dBi and 5.7 dBi at X-band. The Close match between both the simulated results and experimental outcomes proves the validity and strength of the designed antenna. From the results, the paper confirms that the proposed compact fractal antenna is a perfect one for practical modern wireless communication and radar systems. |
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