Design and Analysis of Reconfigurable Dual Notched Ultra Wideband Microstrip Patch Antenna

This study describes the design and implementation of a miniaturized ultra-wideband (UWB) microstrip patch antenna(MPA) intended for smart electronic systems, featuring two on-demand independently switchable band-notch attributes. The MPA is capable of suppressing a contiguous sub-band within WiMAX (3.2-3.8 GHz) and WLAN (5.1-5.8 GHz) band, as well as simultaneously mitigating both bands. Initially, a semicircular radiating plane combined with a altered partial ground plane is utilized to achieve the UWB characteristics while maintaining a small footprint. Two rejection bands are realized using two truncated circular slots on the patch. Equivalent circuits of PIN diode are employed to implement reconfigurability, providing ON-OFF control of each notch for adaptation to spectrum availability. The presented MPA exhibits a miniaturized physical footprint of 26 27 mm2 and achieves a quasi-omnidirectional radiation characteristic with a peak gain of 4.6 dBi. The design also demonstrates a wide operational bandwidth (3-14 GHz) in the UWB spectrum, achieving a fractional bandwidth of 130 %. In terms of low profile, stable gain performance, and reconfigurable notch functionality, the proposed antenna shows satisfactory performance. Simulation results demonstrate stable radiation patterns, satisfactory gain performance, and strong suppression at the activated notched frequencies. Owing to its compact size, wide operational bandwidth, and flexible interference mitigation capability, the proposed design is suitable for UWB communication systems, cognitive radio applications, and portable wireless devices.