Design and Development of Low-Profile Flexible Antenna at 3.5 GHz using Different Substrate Materials for Smart Clothing and Wearable Communication
| Authors | Md. Samiul Islam, Abu Zafor Md. Touhidul Islam |
| Affiliations |
Antenna Design Lab, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh |
| Е-mail | touhid.eee@ru.ac.bd |
| Issue | Volume 17, Year 2025, Number 6 |
| Dates | Received 19 September 2025; revised manuscript received 17 December 2025; published online 19 December 2025 |
| Citation | Md. Samiul Islam, Abu Zafor Md. Touhidul Islam, J. Nano- Electron. Phys. 17 No 6, 06034 (2025) |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.21272/jnep.17(6).06034 |
| PACS Number(s) | 84.40.Ba |
| Keywords | Polyester substrate, Flexible, Wireless broadband, Textile antenna, Smart clothing, Wearable technology. |
| Annotation |
This paper presents the design and performance analysis of low-profile flexible antenna at 3.5 GHz using various substrate materials such as FR4, Polyester and Cotton for smart clothing and wearable communication applications. The simulation has been performed using CST Microwave Studio software The miniaturized dimensions of the antenna is 30 20 0.8 mm3 and its performance improvement has been achieved through the incorporation of slotting and partial grounding techniques. The comparative performance analysis of three antennas by applying different substrates shows polyester textile-based antenna offers better performance. Therefore, the Rogers RT5880 substrate was chosen to be experimentally tested for antenna realization and validating the simulated results. Hence the well-suited textile material polyester is chosen for the proposed antenna realization at 3.5 GHz and experimental validation. The antenna operates over a wide frequency range of 3.11-4.27 GHz and satisfy the most popular lower 5G (3.33-4.2 GHz) and WiMAX (3.4-3.6 GHz) bands. Due to its low profile, compact size, cost effective and flexible structure, the proposed polyester-based textile antenna with satisfactory bandwidth, gain, efficiency, and omnidirectional radiation pattern, can suite on the surface of the human body and good nominate for smart clothing and wearable communication applications. Experimental results obtained from the fabricated prototype show good agreement with the simulation data. |
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