Dynamic Optimization of Non-Equilibrium Processes in Nanostructures for High-Performance Applications
| Authors | Anurag Shrivastava1 , Deepak Bhanot2, Revathi V3, Lavish Kansal4, Zaid Alsalami5, V. Hima Bindu6, Rakesh Kumar7, P. William8 |
| Affiliations |
1Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India 2Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura- 140417, Punjab, India 3Department of Applied Sciences, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bangalore, India 4Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India 5Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq 6Department of ECE, GRIET, Hyderabad, Telangana, 50090, India 7Department of Computer Engineering & Applications, GLA University, Mathura, India 8Department of Information Technology, Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, MH, India |
| Е-mail | anuragshri76@gmail.com |
| Issue | Volume 17, Year 2025, Number 3 |
| Dates | Received 15 April 2025; revised manuscript received 16 June 2025; published online 27 June 2025 |
| Citation | Anurag Shrivastava, Deepak Bhanot, Revathi V, et al., J. Nano- Electron. Phys. 17 No 3, 03027 (2025) |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.21272/jnep.17(3).03027 |
| PACS Number(s) | 61.05.C –, 77.84.Bw |
| Keywords | Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), Zinc Oxide (ZnO), Non-Equilibrium Processes, Nanostructures (8) , X-ray diffraction (XRD). |
| Annotation |
Dynamic optimization of non-equilibrium processes in nanostructures is critical for enhancing their functionality in high-performance applications, including nanoelectronics and energy devices. This research investigates the impact of controlled non-equilibrium synthesis on the structural, chemical, and electrical properties of nanostructured materials, focusing on titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructured films. These nanostructures are synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and electrodeposition, where deposition parameters are dynamically tuned to optimize crystallinity, surface morphology, and electronic behavior. CVD deposits uniform, high-purity TiO2, and ZnO films by controlling gas-phase precursor reactions on a heated substrate, ensuring well-defined crystallinity and surface morphology. Electrodeposition is utilized to synthesize nanostructured films in an aqueous electrolyte by electrochemically reducing metal precursors, allowing for tunable thickness, porosity, and grain size. The resulting films are characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to assess textural properties, phase purity, and chemical interactions. This research demonstrates how precise control of non-equilibrium states during synthesis can optimize nanostructure properties. It highlights the effectiveness of dynamic optimization in non-equilibrium synthesis, and paves for their integration into high-performance nanostructured devices. |
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List of References |
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